Amphora Mühürlerinin Köken ve Sosyal Statünün Belirlenmesindeki Etkileri ve Kent Lokalizasyonunun Tespitine Katkıları

Yıl: 2005 Cilt: 0 Sayı: 12 Sayfa Aralığı: 139 - 162 Metin Dili: Türkçe İndeks Tarihi: 29-07-2022

Amphora Mühürlerinin Köken ve Sosyal Statünün Belirlenmesindeki Etkileri ve Kent Lokalizasyonunun Tespitine Katkıları

Öz:
-
Anahtar Kelime: Mısır iskenderiye ticaret kent gelişimi akdeniz ticari ilişkiler köken damga amfora tarihleme klasik dönem arkeolojik buluntular sosyal durum

Konular: Arkeoloji

-

Öz:
Being the most significant evidence of ancient trade, the amphoras were stamped on their handles from the beginnining of the Classical Period by some of the producer cities sistematically. The stamped handles found in the excavations give clues, firstly, the origin of the amphora itself. This feature appearently points out the commercial relation of the city where it was found and the city where it was produced in. On the other hand, the quantity of stamped handles give information about the quality and capacity of trade in different periods. As their being an epigraphical material and having important dating criteria, they permit to date other material in the contexts where they have been recorded. Besides all above mentioned characteristics of the stamps, according to the sectors in the ancient city where they have been found, they can give important information on the origin and social position of the people, the density of population at certain periods, the direction of the cities’ expansion and the period of utilization and relocalisation of the cities. The stamped amphora handles found in the rescue excavations made by CEAlex in the capital of Ptolemies, Alexandria (in Egypt), both in the city and its necropolis, the excavations in its nearby city on the west, Taposiris Magna and on the Nelson island, situated in the east of Alexandria, have given important results on different subjects mentioned above.
Anahtar Kelime: stamp amphora dating classical period archaeological findings social status Egypt alexandria trade city growth mediterranean commercial relations origin

Konular: Arkeoloji
Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Bibliyografik
  • Ariel 2004 Ariel, D. T., “Stamped Amphora Handles from Bet-She’an: Evidence for the Urban Developement of the City in the Hellenistic Period”, Transport Amphorae and Trade in the Eastern Mediterranean, Acts of the International Colloquium at the Danish Institute at Athens, September, 26-29, 2002, Ed. by Eiring, J. – L. Lund, Monographs of the Danish Institute at Athens, Volume V, Denmark, 2004, 23-30.
  • Ariel – Finkielsztejn 2003 Ariel, D. T. – G. Şnkielsztejn, “Amphora Stamps and Imported Amphoras”, Maresha Excavations final Report I: Subterranean Complexes 21. 44. 70 (IAAA Reports 17), Jerusalem, 2003, 137-151.
  • Austin 1981 Austin, M. M., The Hellenistic World from Alexander to the Roman Conquest, a selection of ancient sources in translation, 1981.
  • Benoit 1961 Benoit, F., “L’épave du Grand Conglué a Marseille”, Gallia Supplément 14, 1961, 7-70.
  • Blinkenberg 1933 Blinkenberg, Chr., KNIDIA, Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Praxitelischen Aphrodite, Kopenhagen, 1933.
  • Breccia 1907 Breccia, E., Bulletin de la Société Archéologique d’Alexandrie IX (1907), 74-85.
  • Breccia 1921 Breccia, E., Rapport sur la Marche du Service du Musée 1919-1920, Alexandrie 1921, 18-55.
  • CAH VIII, 1930 “Rhodes, Delos and Hellenistic Commerce”, The Cambridge Ancient History, Vol. VIII, Rome and the Mediterranean 218-133 BC, Cambridge University Press, 1930.
  • Cavalier 1985 Cavalier, M., “II-II relitto a (Roghi) del Capo Graziano di Filicudi”, Bolletino d’Arte Suppl. AL.N.29, Archeologia Subacquea 2, Isole Eolie, 1985, 112-113.
  • Christophi – Empereur 2002 Christophi, C. – J.-Y. Empereur, “Nouveau catalogue des matrices du fabricant d’amphores rhodiennes Theumnastos”, Etudes Alexandrines 6, Alexandrina 2, 2002, 341-349.
  • Defernez – Marchant 2003 Defernez, C. – S. Marchant, “Les imitation égyptiennes des conteneurs d’origine Egéene et Levantine (du VIe siécle au début du IIe siécle av. J.C.): un example d’inovation technique secondaire”, Publication des actes du colloque international l’apport de l’Egypte a l’histoire des techniques, méthodes chronologie et comparaisons, Le Caire, 15-17 septembre 2003.
  • Doğer 1994 Doğer, E., “Rodoslu Çömlekçi Hieroteles”, Arkeoloji Dergisi, II, İzmir, 1994, 195-218.
  • Doğer – Şenol 1994 Doğer, E. – A. K. Şenol, “Rhodos Peraiası’nda ‹ki Yeni Amphora Atölyesi”, Arkeoloji Dergisi IV, 1996 İzmir, 59-73.
  • Empereur 1993 Empereur, J.-Y., “Quelques amphores égyptiennes impériales timbrées”, Société Archéologique d’Alexandrie, Alexandrian Studies in Memoriam Daout Abdu Daoud, Bulletin 45, Alexandria, 1993, 81-90.
  • Empereur 1994 Empereur, J.-Y., “Rapport sur les travaux menés en collaboration avec l’école française d’Athens en 1993, Alexandrie (Egypte)-1992-1993”, BCH 118, 1994, 503-519.
  • Empereur 1995-I Empereur, J.-Y., “Une fouille récente au coeur d’Alexandrie: le site du cinéma Majestic (1992)”, Alessandria e il mondo ellenisticoromana, Alessandria, 23-27 novembre 1992, Roma, 1995, 169-171.
  • Empereur 1995-II Empereur, J.-Y., “Alexandrie (Egypte)”, BCH 119, 1995, 743-760.
  • Empereur 1996 Empereur, J.-Y., “Alexandrie (Egypte)”, BCH 120, 1996, 959-970.
  • Empereur 1997 Empereur, J.-Y., “Alexandrie (Egypte)”, BCH 121, 1997, 831-847.
  • Empereur 1998-I Empereur, J.-Y., “Alexandrie (Egypte)”, BCH 122, 1998, 611-638.
  • Empereur 1998-II Empereur, J.-Y., “Recherches récentes a Alexandrie”, Revue Archéologique, Fasc. I, 1998, 178-180.
  • Empereur 1998-III Empereur, J.-Y., Alexandrie redécouverte, Paris, 1998.
  • Empereur 1998-IV Empereur, J.-Y., “La nécropole de Gabbari, Alexandrie, eté-automne1997”, La lettre de la Maison de l’Orient, No. 17, Printemps 1998,7-8.
  • Empereur 1998-V Empereur, J.-Y., “Sous le sol d’Alexandrie, Archeologia, No.345, Mai 1998, s. 33-37.
  • Empereur 1998-VI Empereur, J.-Y., “La nécropole de Gabbari a Alexandrie”, Académie des Inscriptions & Belles-Letters, Comptes rendus des séances de l’année 1998 janvier-mars, Paris, 1998, 155-162.
  • Empereur 1999-I Empereur, J.-Y., “Alexandrie, Egypte, 2. Les fouilles terrestres: La Nécropolis”, BCH 123, 1999, 549-559.
  • Empereur 1999-II Empereur, J.-Y., “Travaux récents dans la capitale des Ptolémées”, Alexandrie: Une mégapole cosmopolite, Chaiers de la villa “Kérylos”, No. 9, Beaulieu-sur-mer (Alpes-Maritimes), Paris, 1999, 25-39.
  • Empereur 2002 Empereur, J.-Y., “Découvertes récentes a Alexandrie”, Greek Archaeology without Frontiers, Athens, 2002, 13-20.
  • Empereur – Picon 1992 Empereur, J.-Y. – M. Picon, “La reconnaissance des productions des ateliers céramiques: l’example de la Maréotide”, Extraits des Cahiers de la Céramiques Égyptienne, Tome 3, 1992, 145-152.
  • Empereur – Guimer-Sorbets 1986 Empereur, J.-Y. – A. M. Guimer-Sorbets, “Une banque de données sur les vases conteneurs-amphores et lagynoi- dans les monde Grec et Romain”, BCH Suppl XIII, Recherches Sur les Amphores Grecques, Paris 1986, 127-141.
  • Empereur – Picon 1998 Empereur, J.-Y. – M. Picon, “Les ateliers d’amphores du lac Mariout”, BCH Supl. 33, 1998, Commerce et artisanat dans l’Alexandrie Hellénistique et Romaine, 75-91 Finkielsztejn 2001 Şnkielsztejn, G., Chronologie détaillée et révisée des éponymes amphoriques rhodiens, de 270 à 108 av. J.-C. environ, Premier bilan, BAR International Series 990, 2001.
  • Fraser 1972 Fraser, P. M., Ptolemaic Alexandria, I. Text, Oxford, 1972.
  • Fraser – Bean 1954 Fraser, M. – G. E. Bean, The Rhodian Peraea and Islands, Oxford, 1954.
  • Grace 1956 Grace, V., “Stamped Wine Jar Fragments”, Hesperia, Suppl. X,Small Objects from Pnyx: II, Princeton, 1956, 113-189.
  • Grace 1964 Grace, V., Proper Housing in the Alexandria Museum for the Benachi Collection of Amphora Handles, Year Book of the American Philosophical Society, 1964, 518-522.
  • Grace 1966 Grace, V., “Stamped Amphora Handles-The Benachi Collection”, Archaeology October 1966, Vol 19 no 4, 86-88.
  • Grace 1979 Grace, V., Amphoras and the Ancient Wine Trade, American School of Classical Studies at Athens, Princeton-New Jersey, 1979.
  • Grace – Empereur 1981 Grace, V. – J.-Y. Empereur, “Un groupe d’amphores Ptolémaiques estampillées”, Bulletin Du Centenaire (Supplément au BIFAO 81), 1981, Le Caire,1981, 409-426.
  • Grace – Savvatianou-Petropoulakou 1970 Grace, V. – M. Savvatianou-Petropoulakou, “Les timbres amphoriques Grecs”, Exploration Archéologique de Délos, Delos XXVII, L’ilot de la maison des comediens, Paris, 1970.
  • Maisonneuve et Larose 2004 “Egypte, Taposiris Magna et Plinthine”, Archéologies vingt ans de recherches françaises dans le monde, Ministere des Affaires Etrangeres, Maisonneuve et Larose, 2004, 346-349.
  • Marlowe 1971 Marlowe, J., The Golden Age of Alexandria, London, 1971.
  • Miller 1875 Miller, E., “Inscriptions céramiques du Musée d’Alexandrie”, Revue Archéologique, 2. serie XXIX, Paris, 1875, 374-390.
  • Rodriewicz 1999 Rodriewicz, M., “ClassiŞcation of Wineries from Mareotis”, BCH Suppl. 32, 1999, 27-36.
  • Rodriewicz – Fattah 1991 Rodriewicz, M. – A. A. Fattah, “Recent Discoveries in the Royal Quarter of Alexandria”, Societe Archeologique d’Alexandrie, Bulletin No: 44, Alexandrie, 1991, 131-139.
  • Rostovtzeff 1941 Rostovtzeff, M., Social and Economic History of the Hellenistic World, Volume I, 1941.
  • Sztetyllo 1975 Sztetyllo, Z., “Timbres amphoriques grecs des fouilles polonaises a Alexandrie (1962-1972)”, Etudes Travaux VIII, Travaux du Centre d’Archéologique Méditerranée de l’Academie Polonaise des Sciences, Tome 16, 1975, 160-235.
  • Sztetyllo 1978 Sztetyllo, Z., “Timbres céramiques, Alexandrie (1973-1974)”, Etudes Travaux X, Tome 20, 1978, 260-303.
  • Sztetyllo 1981 Sztetyllo, Z., “Timbres céramiques des fouilles polonaises a Alexandrie (1974-1979)”, Etudes Travaux XIV, Tome 28,1981, 160-212.
  • Sztetyllo 1992 Sztetyllo, Z., “Timbres céramiques des fouilles polonaises a Alexandrie (1979-1982)”, Etudes Travaux XVI, 1992, 152-223.
  • Şenol 1996 Şenol, A. K., “Geç Rhodos Amphoralarının Batı Anadolu’daki Dağılım ve Üretim Problemleri”, SBT’96, 17-20 Ekim 1996, İstanbul, 165-172.
  • Şenol, CCE Şenol, A. K., “A Statistical Essay on the Importation of Alexandria between the Early Hellenistic and the Arabic Period through the Amphorae Found in the Salvage Excavations of CEA”, Cahiers de la Céramiques Egyptienne 8(basımda)
  • Şenol 2000 Şenol, G. C., İskenderiye (Mısır) Kurtarma Kazılarında Ele Geçen Hellenistik Dönem Amphora Mühürleri, Ege Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Klasik Arkeoloji Anabilim dalı, İzmir, 2000 (yayımlanmamış doktora tezi).
  • Şenol 2001 Şenol, G. C., “Stamped Amphora Handles from the Necropolis of Gabbari”, Nécropolis I, édité par J.-Y. Empereur – M.-D. Nenna, Études Alexandrines 5, 2001, 397-408.
  • Şenol 2003-I Şenol, G. C., “Hellenistic Stamped Amphora Handles from the Bridge Excavations, Gabbari Sector 2”, Nécropolis II, Volume 1, édité par J-Y. Empereur – M.-D. Nenna, Études Alexandrines 7-2003, 213-260.
  • Şenol 2003-II Şenol, G. C., “Hellenistic Stamped Amphora Handles from the Bridge Excavations, Gabbari Sector 5”, Nécropolis II, Volume 2, édité par J.-Y. Empereur – M.-D. Nenna, Études Alexandrines 7-2003, s. 485-490.
  • Şenol vd. 2004 Şenol, G. C. – A. K. Şenol – E. Doğer, “Amphora Production in the Rhodian Peraea in the Hellenistic Period”, Transport Amphorae and Trade in the Eastern Mediterranean, Acts of the International Colloquium at the Danish Institute at Athens, 26-29 September 2002, Monographs of the Danish Institute at Athens, Volume V, 2004, 353-359).
  • Şenol, CCE Şenol, G. C., “Stamped Amphora Handles Found in the Rescue Excavations of CEA in Alexandria” Cahiers de la Céramiques Egyptienne 8 (basımda).
  • Wallace 1986 Wallace, M. B., “Progress in Measuring Amphora Capacities”, BCH Supplément 13, 1986, 93.
  • Zeitoun vd. 1998 Zeitoun, N. – C., Christophi – J.-Y., Empereur, “Les anses d’amphores du Musée Gréco-Romain d’Alexandrie”, BCH Suppl. 33, 1998, Commerce et artisanat dans l’Alexandrie hellénistique et romaine, 367-379.
APA ŞENOL CANKARDEŞ G (2005). Amphora Mühürlerinin Köken ve Sosyal Statünün Belirlenmesindeki Etkileri ve Kent Lokalizasyonunun Tespitine Katkıları. , 139 - 162.
Chicago ŞENOL CANKARDEŞ Gonca Amphora Mühürlerinin Köken ve Sosyal Statünün Belirlenmesindeki Etkileri ve Kent Lokalizasyonunun Tespitine Katkıları. (2005): 139 - 162.
MLA ŞENOL CANKARDEŞ Gonca Amphora Mühürlerinin Köken ve Sosyal Statünün Belirlenmesindeki Etkileri ve Kent Lokalizasyonunun Tespitine Katkıları. , 2005, ss.139 - 162.
AMA ŞENOL CANKARDEŞ G Amphora Mühürlerinin Köken ve Sosyal Statünün Belirlenmesindeki Etkileri ve Kent Lokalizasyonunun Tespitine Katkıları. . 2005; 139 - 162.
Vancouver ŞENOL CANKARDEŞ G Amphora Mühürlerinin Köken ve Sosyal Statünün Belirlenmesindeki Etkileri ve Kent Lokalizasyonunun Tespitine Katkıları. . 2005; 139 - 162.
IEEE ŞENOL CANKARDEŞ G "Amphora Mühürlerinin Köken ve Sosyal Statünün Belirlenmesindeki Etkileri ve Kent Lokalizasyonunun Tespitine Katkıları." , ss.139 - 162, 2005.
ISNAD ŞENOL CANKARDEŞ, Gonca. "Amphora Mühürlerinin Köken ve Sosyal Statünün Belirlenmesindeki Etkileri ve Kent Lokalizasyonunun Tespitine Katkıları". (2005), 139-162.
APA ŞENOL CANKARDEŞ G (2005). Amphora Mühürlerinin Köken ve Sosyal Statünün Belirlenmesindeki Etkileri ve Kent Lokalizasyonunun Tespitine Katkıları. OLBA, 0(12), 139 - 162.
Chicago ŞENOL CANKARDEŞ Gonca Amphora Mühürlerinin Köken ve Sosyal Statünün Belirlenmesindeki Etkileri ve Kent Lokalizasyonunun Tespitine Katkıları. OLBA 0, no.12 (2005): 139 - 162.
MLA ŞENOL CANKARDEŞ Gonca Amphora Mühürlerinin Köken ve Sosyal Statünün Belirlenmesindeki Etkileri ve Kent Lokalizasyonunun Tespitine Katkıları. OLBA, vol.0, no.12, 2005, ss.139 - 162.
AMA ŞENOL CANKARDEŞ G Amphora Mühürlerinin Köken ve Sosyal Statünün Belirlenmesindeki Etkileri ve Kent Lokalizasyonunun Tespitine Katkıları. OLBA. 2005; 0(12): 139 - 162.
Vancouver ŞENOL CANKARDEŞ G Amphora Mühürlerinin Köken ve Sosyal Statünün Belirlenmesindeki Etkileri ve Kent Lokalizasyonunun Tespitine Katkıları. OLBA. 2005; 0(12): 139 - 162.
IEEE ŞENOL CANKARDEŞ G "Amphora Mühürlerinin Köken ve Sosyal Statünün Belirlenmesindeki Etkileri ve Kent Lokalizasyonunun Tespitine Katkıları." OLBA, 0, ss.139 - 162, 2005.
ISNAD ŞENOL CANKARDEŞ, Gonca. "Amphora Mühürlerinin Köken ve Sosyal Statünün Belirlenmesindeki Etkileri ve Kent Lokalizasyonunun Tespitine Katkıları". OLBA 12 (2005), 139-162.