Bituminaria bituminosa (L.)’nın İkincil Metabolitlerin Tespiti ile Allelopatik ve Antimikrobiyal Etkilerinin Belirlenmesi

ACAR ,Zeki; AYAN ,İlknur; DARCAN ,CİHAN; LEBLEBİCİ ,Sema; GULUMSER ,Erdem

Proje Yürütücüsü:

Zeki ACAR

(Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi, Tarla Bitkileri Bölümü, Samsun, Türkiye)

İlknur AYAN

(Adres Yazılmamış)

CİHAN DARCAN

(Adres Yazılmamış)

Sema LEBLEBİCİ

(adres yazılmamıs)

Erdem GULUMSER

(Adres Yazılmamış)

Proje Grubu: TÜBİTAK TOVAG ProjeSayfa Sayısı: 36Proje No: 118O047Proje Bitiş Tarihi: 01.07.2019Metin Dili: Türkçe

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Bituminaria bituminosa (L.)’nın İkincil Metabolitlerin Tespiti ile Allelopatik ve Antimikrobiyal Etkilerinin Belirlenmesi

Öz: Bu projede 12 adet Bituminaria bituminosa (L.) C.H. Stirtion genotipinin, büyüme başlangıcı, tomurcuklanma ve çiçeklenme başlangıcı dönemlerine ait bitki yapraklarında bulunan ikincil metabolitler ile bu metabolitlerin allelopatik ve antimikrobiyal etkileri belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada B. bituminosa genotiplerinin yapraklarından elde edilen ekstarktların buğdayın çimlenme ve erken gelişim döneminde olumlu bir allelopatik etki yarattığı, çimlenme oranı, kök-gövde uzunlukları, kök-gövde yaş ve kuru ağırlıkları, biyokütle ve fide canlılık indeksi karşılaştırılarak belirlenmiştir. Bu ekofizyolojik özellikler bakımından incelenen genotipler kontrol (saf su) grubuna göre daha iyi performans göstermiştir. Bununla birlikte Samsun- Nebyan (9), Samsun-Kurupelit (10) ve Sinop-Tıngıroğlu (11)?na ait genotipler diğer genotiplere, tomurcuklanma döneminde alınan ekstraktlar ise diğer gelişme dönemlerine göre daha yüksek değerlere sahip olmuştur. B. bituminosa bitkisinde belirlenen ikincil metabolitler olan psoralen, angelisin, daidzein, genistein, daidzin ve genistin; her bir dönemde farklılık gösterirken, genotipler bu matabolitler üzerinde daha etkin olmuştur. 6 numaralı genotip (Samsun-Çarşamba) angelisin, daidzin ve genistin içerikleri bakımından öne çıkarken, 11 numaralı genotipin (Sinop-Tıngıroğlu) psoralen, 5 numaralı genotipin (Samsun-Kozağzı ) daidzein ve 9 numaralı genotipin (Samsun-Nebyan ) ise genistein içeriği diğer genotiplere oranla daha yüksek olmuştur. Çalışmada belirlenen farklı dönemlere ait sekonder metabolit miktarlarının antimikrobiyal aktivite üzerinde etkili olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Ancak, 12 adet B. bituminosa genotipinden elde edilen ekstraktların gram negatiflere fazla etkili olmadığı, gram pozitif bakteriler ve ökaryot olan mayaya ise oldukça etkili olduğu tespit edilmişir. Bu genotiplerden 9 (Samsun- Nebyan) ve 12 (Samsun-Kavak) nolu genotipin ise oldukça etkili olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca bitkilerin gelişme dönemleri içerisinde çalışılan bakterilere çiçeklenme başlangıcı döneminde daha etkin olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak B. bituminosa örneklerine ait sekonder metabolitlerin allelopatik ve antimikrobiyal aktivitelerinde gelişme dönemlerine göre genotiplerin daha etkili olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu genotiplerden de Samsun-Nebyan (9)?a ait genotipin diğerlerine oranla hem allepatik hem de antimikrobiyal aktivite bakımından diğer genotiplere oranla daha iyi olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Abstract: In this project, secondary metabolites found in leaves belonging to the beginning of growth, budding and flowering periods and their allelopathic and antimicrobial effects were determined of 12 Bituminaria bituminosa genotypes. In this study, germination rate, root-stem length, root-stem wet and dry weights, biomass and seedling viability index of the extracts obtained from the leaves of B. bituminosa genotypes were determined to have a positive allelopathic effect in wheat germination and early development period. In terms of these ecophysiological characteristics, the genotypes examined performed better than the control (pure water) group. However, genotypes belonging to Samsun-Nebyan (9), Samsun-Kurupelit (10) and Sinop-Tıngıroğlu (11) had higher values than other genotypes and extracts taken during budding had higher values than other growing periods. The secondary metabolites identified in the plant B. bituminosa are psoralen, angelicin, daidzein, genistein, daidzin, and genistin are different in each period, genotypes were more effective on these metabolites. While genotype number 6 (Samsun-Çarşamba) stands out in terms of the contents of angelicin, daidzin and genistin, psoralen of genotype 11 (Sinop-Tıngıroğlu), daidzein of genotype 5 (Samsun-Kozağzı) and genistein content of genotype 9 (Samsun-Nebyan) genotypes. In the study, it was found that the amounts of a secondary metabolite that belongs to different periods were not effective in antimicrobial activity. However, it was determined that the extracts obtained from 12 B. bituminosa genotypes were not very effective on gram- negative ones and highly effective on gram-positive bacteria and eukaryotic yeast. Among these genotypes, 9 (Samsun-Nebyan) and 12 (Samsun-Kavak) genotypes were found to be highly effective. In addition, it has been found that plants are more effective in the beginning period of flowering to bacteria studied during the development periods. As a result, genotypes were found to be more effective in allelopathic and antimicrobial activities of secondary metabolites belonging to B. bituminosa samples compared to development periods. Of these genotypes, the genotype of Samsun-Nebyan (9) was found to be better than other genotypes in terms of both allopathic and antimicrobial activity than others.

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