Filiz Yıldız AKGÜL, Huriye Gözde CEYLAN, Ahmet Ferit ATASOY
Filiz Yıldız AKGÜL, Huriye Gözde CEYLAN, Ahmet Ferit ATASOY
In this study, the fatty acid composition and volatile components of cows’ and goats’ yayik butters were analyzed.
For this purpose, analyzes in cows’ and goats’ yayik butter obtained from local markets in Adıyaman province were
performed. Saturated fatty acids (SFAs) were determined as dominant fatty acids in the butter samples. While the
highest SFA content was detected in goats’ butters, the highest unsaturated fatty acid (UNSFA) and monounsaturated
fatty acid (MUFA) contents were in cow samples. Furthermore, some individual fatty acid concentrations (tridecanoic, behenic and α-linolenic) of cows’ and goats’ butters were significantly different. Additionally, the total 27 volatile
compounds including alcohols, aldehydes, acids, esters, hydrocarbons, ketones and terpenes were quantified in samples. The most important volatile compounds in samples were oxylene, mxylene, butyric, caprylic and valeric acids.
|
Ziaoulrahman SEDİQİ, Asaf Behzat SAHİN
Ziaoulrahman SEDİQİ, Asaf Behzat SAHİN
A food processing line is comparatively vulnerable to contaminants, whether through inattentive workers and employees or from the processing machines made largely out of steel or from raw materials that are contaminated
themselves. Any of these risks can affect quality resulting in poor hygiene or even can put customer health in danger.
Millimeter-wave imaging plays a significant role in many fields such as security inspection and medical diagnostics.
Moreover, millimeter wave instruments are useful in detecting objects behind and inside visibly opaque barriers such
as, concrete walls and plastic boxes. We describe a millimeter wave imaging system that uses a one-dimensional detector in combination with a single pixel mask in order to acquire two-dimensional images out of buried objects inside
a bread. Our system can be used to detect metals and salty substances for bread quality control and defect detection.
The system uses 60 GHz center frequency to image the target in transmission mode which utilizes a heterodyne
sub-harmonic receiver placed in a bi-static configuration.
|
Mehmet KARAMAN
Mehmet KARAMAN
The study was conducted in randomized complete block design with four replications at two locations (Sanliurfa and
Diyarbakir) under rainfall conditions during 2013-2014 growing season. The purpose of the study is to determine the
bread wheat genotypes with high yield, large adaptation ability and high grain quality. Twenty advanced bread wheat
lines and five check varieties were used as materials. The data were evaluated by using the variance and GGE biplot
analysis methods. Significant differences among genotypes were determined for test weight (TW), thousand grain
weight (TGW), grain yield (GY) and heading time (HT) at the significant level of 1%, while, less significant levels
(p≤5%) were found for wet gluten content (WG), zeleny sedimentation (ZS) and protein content (PR). According to
GGE biplot analysis results, positive correlations were determined between TW and TGW, and also PR, WG and ZS.
It has also been determined that there is a negative relationship between HT and TW, TGW. According to the stability
graph, the genotypes of G23 and G8 were found to be highly efficient and moderately stable, and both could be candidate varieties. Additionally, Dinç variety and G11 advanced line can be used as genitors in bread wheat breeding
programs for grain yield and quality.
|
Aysun ALTIKAT
Aysun ALTIKAT
The aim of this research is forecasting the NOx
, NO2
and NO concentration levels with different artificial neural networks structures (ANNs) and determining the best ANNs structure for forecasting emissions. For this aim, it was used
one learning function and, six different transfer function pairs with three different neuron numbers. The MATLAB
software helped constructing ANNs models. In addition, the air pollutants and meteorological factors were used as
input parameters simultaneously at the ANNs. The end of the research, NOx
, NO and NO2
’s concentration levels were
modelled with high accurate levels. The R2
values of the NOx
, NO and NO2
were calculated as 0.998, 0.995 and 0.997,
respectively. The best results were obtained from ANNs structures which used Logarithmic sigmoid - Symmetric
sigmoid transfer functions with 20 and 30 neuron number for forecasting of the NOx
and NO concentration levels,
respectively. In addition, the forecasting of NO2
emission rate, the best results were determined from the ANNs structure used Logarithmic sigmoid - Linear transfer function with 30 neuron number. According to sensitivity analyses
and correlation tests, it was concluded that O3
, SO2
, wind direction, wind speed, and relative humidity inputs were
more effective on the NO2
, NO and NOx
concentrations than the other inputs. Finally, it can be said that with the use of
both air pollutants and meteorological factors as input parameters simultaneously the artificial neural network models
can be simulated the concentration level of NO, NOx
and NO2
with high accuracy.
|
İhsan EKİN, Rıdvan ŞEŞEN
İhsan EKİN, Rıdvan ŞEŞEN
The objective of the present study is to inform the last distribution of the invasive and harmful species Cochlicella
barbara (Linnaeus, 1758) in Turkey, as well as to draw attention to the possible danger of this distribution on regional
vegetation, agriculture, and parasitism. C. barbara was found for the first time in south-eastern of Anatolia in April
2019 in the campus area of the Dicle University in Diyarbakır, Turkey. C. barbara is admitted as a harmful organism
and classified as an agricultural pest in most of the countries. Species in this genus have been intercepted in postal
packages, soil, and cargo as well as can be easily transported with plants, building materials, household goods, etc.
Above all, it is an intermediate host of nematode and fluke parasites of livestock. Knowing the distribution of this
species will not only contribute to the registration of a new species in the list of gastropods of the region but also
facilitate the control of the species across Turkey.
|
Muhammet Ali GÜNDEŞLİ
Muhammet Ali GÜNDEŞLİ
The aim of this study was conducted to determine the sugar content, total phenol and antioxidant activity of various
parts of ‘Uzun’ pistachio trees during 2018 (high bearing, or “on”-year trees) and 2019 (low bearing, or “off”-year
trees) growing season. This research was carried on 35-year old, fruitful or unfruitful (showing alternate bearing)
trees that were grafted on Pistacia vera rootstock at the Gaziantep provinces of Turkey. Total phenolic content
of the samples were determined by the Folin Ciocalteu method by Spectrophotometer. Total antioxidant activitiy
of samples were evaluated using the 1, 1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging method. Radical
scavenging activities and total phenolic content of the samples changed depending on the different parts of shoot,
leaves, nuts (hull and hard Shell) and kernel. Sugar compounds of Pistachio were detected by using HPLC. The
highest antioxidant values were observed in hull (86,02% on-year) and hard Shell (85,37 % on-year ) and the lowest were in kernel samples. The highest total phenol amount was recorded hard Shell and the lowest values were
in kernel (81,23% off-year) samples. Fructose content (12,10 g/100 g) was found to be higher than the contents
of sucrose (3,10 g/100 g) and glucose (5,48 g/100 g) in ‘off’ year tree and the dominant sugar was found fructose. All tissues that the amount of sugar content in ‘off’ year was higher than ‘on’ year. The results suggest at
phytochemicals in ‘Uzun’ pistachio variety has potent antioxidant activities that is important for human nutrition.
|
Increases in crop yield and decreases in industrial sulfur emissions reduce the amount of sulfur (S) in the soil. Sufficient S and proper pH play an important role in achieving the targeted yield and quality of wheat. In recent years,
composite fertilizers containing sulfur and mineral substances have been produced and used in wheat production as
fertilizers. In this study, an investigation was made as to whether the use of such fertilizer is sufficient for sulfur fertilization. Basal fertilizer (13.25.5 + 10 (SO3
) + Zn (0.5)) (250 kg ha-1) was applied to the whole plot, and additional
elemental sulfur was added. The amounts of sulfur in the plots at the end of the applications were 10, 300, 600 and
900 kg ha-1 S. One year later, the high dose (600 and 900 kg ha-1) S resulted in a decrease in pH of about 0.5 pH units,
while two years later, all S doses resulted in a 1 pH unit decrease. However, the changes in the second year were not
induced by the S treatments. Accordingly, no significant effect of S doses on grain protein, mineral content or yield
was determined. Wheat variety and year had a significant effect on grain nutrient content. The lowest sulfur dose (10
kg ha-1 S) used in the experiment can be said to be sufficient for yield and mineral concentration.
|
Yelderem AKHOUNDNEJAD
Yelderem AKHOUNDNEJAD
In the present study, threelocal tomato genotypes:Yarbasi, Tepekoyu andFereng (Solanum lycopersicum); and one
commercial tomato variety: Kamenta F1,were subjected to dry stress (100%, 50%, 25%) through controlled irrigation
after the first flowering of the tomato plant. The experiment was carried out with four replicates,and with eightplants
per replicate. A statistically significant difference was observed between drought stress administered and the methods
of administration compared to the control plants only in the drought stress administered in the amount of chlorophyll.
The total yield of the Fereng tomato genotype indicated that both stresses were less affected by 50% and 25% drought
stress. It carried out to be significantly reduced (50% and 25%) in both dry stresses.
|
Rosa canina is a less known horticulture plant that its fruits are the source of phytochemicals and have medicinal
properties. However, it can be cultivated commercially like other fruit trees. In this study, fatty acid composition and
antioxidant capacity of rosehip seeds were investigated. The results indicated that seeds are rich in Omega-6 fatty
acids (51.49%). Linoleic acid, oleic acid, α-linolenic acid, and palmitic acid are the main fatty acids in rosehip seed
oils, respectively. Moreover, the ratio of ω-6 fatty acids: ω-3 fatty acid ratio which is in desirable range for qualified
oil. The seeds also showed high antioxidant activity (130.64 mgTE/100g).
|
Emine Elmaslar ÖZBAŞ, Atakan ÖNGEN, H. Kurtuluş ÖZCAN
Emine Elmaslar ÖZBAŞ, Atakan ÖNGEN, H. Kurtuluş ÖZCAN
Today, the number of wastewater treatment plants is rapidly increasing. Accordingly, there is a large increase in the
amount of sewage sludge. The sewage sludge obtained should be disposed of in such a way as not to damage the
environment. Among these methods, disposal of sewage sludge by landfill is one of the most suitable methods in
terms of environment and economics. In this study, the effects on the development of “Cicer Arietinum” and “Allium
Ascalonicum” plants were investigated by adding municipal solid waste compost, brewery sludge, pyrolysis solid
product of brewery sludge and chemical fertilizer at certain rates to the soil in order to improve the soil and increase
the yield. As a result, it can be seen that the materials used can be used for remediation of the soil and contribute to
the development of the plant. As a result of the study, it was observed that the soil mixture obtained by mixing the
pyrolysis solid product with soil at certain ratios positively affected plant growth. Soil and pyrolysis solid product
(25%) provided the highest yield for “Cicer Arietinum”.Soil and brewery sludge (25%) provided the highest yield
for “Allium Ascalonicum”.
|
