An analysis of the obstacles and difficulties in the introduction of the EU Common Agricultural Policy refor

YAMAÇ, Necati; ACAR, MUSTAFA

An analysis of the obstacles and difficulties in the introduction of the EU Common Agricultural Policy refor

Necati YAMAÇ, (TC Başbakanlık, Ankara, Türkiye)

Mustafa ACAR (Kırıkkale Üniversitesi, İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi, İktisat Bölümü, Kırıkkale, Türkiye)

ODTÜ Gelişme Dergisi

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Yıl: 2009 Cilt: 36 Sayı: 2 Sayfa Aralığı: 423 - 438 Metin Dili: Türkçe İndeks Tarihi: 29-07-2022

An analysis of the obstacles and difficulties in the introduction of the EU Common Agricultural Policy refor

Öz:

Ortak Tarım Politikası (OTP) Avrupa Birliği'nin (AB) ilk ortak politikasıdır. 1950'li yılların sonlarında oluşturulmuş, ancak 1962'de yürürlüğe girmiştir. Başlangıçta OTP'nin temel amacı II. Dünya Savaşı sonrası dönemde karşılaşılan kıtlık sorununa çare bulmaktır. Bu amaçla, OTP kapsamında fiyat desteği sağlayan araçlar devreye sokulmuş, bu da sonunda üretim fazlasına yol açmıştır. Üretim fazlasını eritmek için başvurulan ihracat sübvanbsiyonları bir yandan AB bütçesi üzerinde ekstra fînansal yük doğururken, bir yandan da uluslararası tarımsal ticareti saptırıcı rol oynamıştır. Reform çabalarının çoğunda ana amaç, üretim fazlasını sınırlandırmak, fiyat desteği yerine doğrudan ödemeleri koymak ve AB'yi DTÖ öncülüğünde yürütülen tarımsal ticaret müzakerelerine hazırlamaktır. Ne var ki OTP'de köklü değişiklikler yapmak hiç de kolay olmamıştır. Bu çalışmada, AB ortak tarım politikasında reform yapmanın zorluklarına ilişkin üç temel sebep üzerinde durulmaktadır: ulusal çıkar çatışması, tarım lobisi ve AB organlarının karar alma yapısı. Ulusal çıkar çatışması ile ilgili olarak, AB ortak tarım politikası çerçevesinde AB bütçesine net katkıda bulunan Almanya ve İngiltere, AB bütçesinden tarımsal destekleme nedeniyle net yararlanıcı ülke olan Fransa'nın tarım sektörünü sübvanse etmeye karşı çıkmaktadır. Öte yandan, AB çiftçileri tarımsal sübvansiyonlara aşın bağımlı olduğu için Ortak Tarım Politikasında en küçük bir değişikliği kabul etmemektedirler. Son olarak, Avrupa Birliğinin karar alma surecinde, bir organ tek başına karar alma yetkisine sahip olmadığı için, Ortak Tarım Politikasında ciddi reform yapmak oldukça zordur.

Anahtar Kelime: Avrupa Birliği destekleme politikası Türkiye-AB ilişkileri üretim fazlası lobicilik sübvansiyon ortak tarım politikası tarım lobisi

Konular: İşletme İktisat

AB ortak tarım politikasında reform yapmanın önündeki engeller ve zorluklar üzerine bir inceleme

Öz:

The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) is the first Common Policy of the European Union (EU). It was established in the late 1950’s, but came into force in 1962. Its primary aim was to overcome food shortage problems after the Second World War. Therefore, the CAP introduced price support measures, eventually resulting in surplus production. This meant a financial burden for the EU budget as the reduction of surplus required export subsidies, which distorted international agricultural trade. In many reform efforts, the main idea was to reduce surplus of reduction, to replace price support with direct payments and to prepare the EU agricultural trade negotiations led by the World Trade Organisation (WTO). But making fundamental change in the CAP has not been straightforward. This study identifies three main reasons why the realization of the CAP reform has been elusive and taken such a long time: conflict of national interests, farm lobbying and the structure of the EU-policy making. Net contributing countries such as Germany and the UK opposed to subsidise the agricultural sectors of net recipient countries such as France. As European farmers were heavily reliant on subsidies, farm lobbyists opposed even the smallest reform to the CAP. Since one institution has not been given total power to play a decisive role in the decision making process, making fundamental change in the CAP has not been trivial so far, nor can it be easy in the near future.

Anahtar Kelime: support policy Turkey-EU relations production surplus lobbying subsidies common agricultural policy farm lobbying European Union

Konular: İşletme İktisat

Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık

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APA	YAMAÇ N, ACAR M (2009). An analysis of the obstacles and difficulties in the introduction of the EU Common Agricultural Policy refor. , 423 - 438.
Chicago	YAMAÇ Necati,ACAR MUSTAFA An analysis of the obstacles and difficulties in the introduction of the EU Common Agricultural Policy refor. (2009): 423 - 438.
MLA	YAMAÇ Necati,ACAR MUSTAFA An analysis of the obstacles and difficulties in the introduction of the EU Common Agricultural Policy refor. , 2009, ss.423 - 438.
AMA	YAMAÇ N,ACAR M An analysis of the obstacles and difficulties in the introduction of the EU Common Agricultural Policy refor. . 2009; 423 - 438.
Vancouver	YAMAÇ N,ACAR M An analysis of the obstacles and difficulties in the introduction of the EU Common Agricultural Policy refor. . 2009; 423 - 438.
IEEE	YAMAÇ N,ACAR M "An analysis of the obstacles and difficulties in the introduction of the EU Common Agricultural Policy refor." , ss.423 - 438, 2009.
ISNAD	YAMAÇ, Necati - ACAR, MUSTAFA. "An analysis of the obstacles and difficulties in the introduction of the EU Common Agricultural Policy refor". (2009), 423-438.

APA	YAMAÇ N, ACAR M (2009). An analysis of the obstacles and difficulties in the introduction of the EU Common Agricultural Policy refor. ODTÜ Gelişme Dergisi, 36(2), 423 - 438.
Chicago	YAMAÇ Necati,ACAR MUSTAFA An analysis of the obstacles and difficulties in the introduction of the EU Common Agricultural Policy refor. ODTÜ Gelişme Dergisi 36, no.2 (2009): 423 - 438.
MLA	YAMAÇ Necati,ACAR MUSTAFA An analysis of the obstacles and difficulties in the introduction of the EU Common Agricultural Policy refor. ODTÜ Gelişme Dergisi, vol.36, no.2, 2009, ss.423 - 438.
AMA	YAMAÇ N,ACAR M An analysis of the obstacles and difficulties in the introduction of the EU Common Agricultural Policy refor. ODTÜ Gelişme Dergisi. 2009; 36(2): 423 - 438.
Vancouver	YAMAÇ N,ACAR M An analysis of the obstacles and difficulties in the introduction of the EU Common Agricultural Policy refor. ODTÜ Gelişme Dergisi. 2009; 36(2): 423 - 438.
IEEE	YAMAÇ N,ACAR M "An analysis of the obstacles and difficulties in the introduction of the EU Common Agricultural Policy refor." ODTÜ Gelişme Dergisi, 36, ss.423 - 438, 2009.
ISNAD	YAMAÇ, Necati - ACAR, MUSTAFA. "An analysis of the obstacles and difficulties in the introduction of the EU Common Agricultural Policy refor". ODTÜ Gelişme Dergisi 36/2 (2009), 423-438.