Innovation movements began with the proclamation of the Tanzimat affected institution of the family with child education and, began to shape the social life of Turkish society as well as a variety of issues. In this process it may be mentioned that a Tukish family structure that have stayed in the East- West dilemma. Two different family structures have been mentioned based on the social meaning. One of them is trying to protect the traditional and the other is struggling to westernization severing all ties with their roots. Ahmet Mithat Efendi is one of them who struggles to makes of the popularize the reform movements during the Tanzimat. Almost all of his written works have concerns issue of institution of family, education of women and children. The books which he focused on these matters one such as "Peder Olmak Sanatı", "Anne ve Babanın Çocuk Üzerindeki Hukuk ve Vezaifi", "Bahtiyarlık", "Diplomalı Kız", "Jön Türk", "İki Hud'akâr","Felsefe-i Zenan" and "Felatun Bey İle Rakım Efendi" he picked up on the concept of institution of the family and child education. These literary works, caused to acquire a lot of information about social structure, family life, and child education during that period, become a subject of many studies. In this study, role of the parents Ahmet Mithat Efendi attributed to them is investigated based on the mentioned works.Concerning the results acquired from the study, Ahmet Mithat Efendi is in favor of acting with the basis of the traditional family structure against the West. He defends the opinion that superior part of the Western civilization can be adopted based on these rules in the education of children. Parents have different missions they have to undertake and fulfill on children's education issue that is founded in the family. This is because the children's personalities are closely related to their environment where they grow up. In this sense, Ahmet Mithat attracted attention the mission of the parents on the children's education a hundred and fifty years ago.