Objective: Transcanal endoscopic type 1 tympanoplasty is a minimally invasive procedure that enablesbetter visualization of deep and narrow spaces compared to conventional microscopic methods. In ourstudy, we aimed to evaluate air-bone gap difference,graft success, and hearing gain according to the perforation size and location in pediatric patients whounderwent transcanal endoscopic type 1 cartilagetympanoplasty.Methods: Fifty pediatric patients who underwenttranscanal endoscopic type 1 cartilage tympanoplastyfor chronic otitis media were included in the study.Tragal cartilage grafts were used in all patients. Airconduction pure tone audiometry hearing results(500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz), mean air-bone gaplevels, operating times, postoperative gap closure, andgraft success rates were evaluated.Results: Mean operating time was 43.34±8.56 minutes. Overall graft success was 94% (47/50). Meanhearing levels at all frequencies (500, 1000, 2000, and4000 Hz) were found to have significantly improvedafter the operation (p<0.001). Mean preoperative airconduction pure tone threshold and mean air–bonegap had statistically significantly improved by the 6thpostoperative month (p<0.001).Conclusion: Transcanal endoscopic type 1 cartilagetympanoplasty was found to be a minimally traumatic, easy and safe method with a low complication rate.In pediatric patients, this method allows for high ratesof anatomic and functional recovery with optimal surgery time regardless of the location and the size of theperforation.