The aim of the study was to determine a considerable level of mortalities occurred in rainbow troutfry (Oncorhynchus mykiss) cultured in a research hatchery located in Marmara Region/Turkey.Totally 18 individuals (1-8 g) were investigated by using bacteriological and mycological methods. The affected fish showed skin darkening, prolapses and fungal mats at the base of the fins.According to morphological and biochemical characteristics of the isolates, all of them were identified as Aeromonas sobria. Saprolegnia sp. was also observed in squash preparations of the skin.All isolates were determined to be sensitive against florfenicol, enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin.Histopathologically, vacuolar degeneration, haemorrhage and hyperaemia in the liver, tubular necrosis, periglomerular edema, and multifocal melanomacrophage deposits in the kidney and depletion of white pulp in the spleen were determined. Distal type epithelial cells hyperplasia wasalso observed in the gills. In diseased fish, motile Aeromonad septicaemia was described andSaprolegnia sp. was also detected in fins and skin lesions but it was considered to be a secondaryinfection.
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This study aims to determine the cause of mortalities in smooth-hound sharks (Mustelus mustelus, Linnaeus 1758) understressful conditions from a marine aquarium in Turkey. Moribund smooth-hound sharks externally had haemorrhages onvarious body parts, especially the pectoral fins and certain areas of their skin. A pale liver and spleen pseudo-tubercles werethe main pathological findings internally. For bacteriological examination, samples were taken from visceral organs andblood and streaked onto marine agar (MA) plates, which were incubated at 22°C for 72 hours. Gram-negative motile rodsthat displayed bipolar staining were isolated from several tissues, including the spleen, kidney, and liver. According to theirmorphological and biochemical characteristics as well as 16S rRNA gene sequencing, these isolates were identified asPhotobacterium sanguinicancri. Therefore, it was concluded that photobacteriosis was responsible for this disease outbreakin aquarium-kept smooth-hound sharks. According to the literature survey, this study is the first report describingphotobacteriosis caused by Photobacterium sanguinicancri in a smooth-hound shark.
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Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the cause of mortalities occurring in common stingray (Dasyatis pastinaca)individuals held in a public aquarium.Materials and Methods: Moribund common stingrays (approx. 1 m in length and 2 kg in weight) that had previously beencaught by trawling and placed in the quarantine tanks in a public aquarium were examined to determine the cause ofmortalities.Results: The affected common stingrays had haemorrhages on the ventral side of the body. Internally, the liver was pale andpseudotubercules were observed in the spleen. In the examined specimens, monogenean parasites were observed in blisterson the skin of the dorsal side of the body. According to their morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristicsas well as gene sequence analysis, the parasites were identified as Benedenia sp., and the bacterial isolates were identified asAeromonas hydrophila.Conclusion: In this study, Benedenia sp. is reported initially, along with motile Aeromonas septicemia in common stingray.
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In this study, moribund salema (Sarpa salpa) individuals from a public aquarium were investigated toidentify the cause of disease. A minor scale loss and partial skin depigmentation were observed in the diseasedfish. Internal investigation of fish revealed hyperemia in the liver and the intestines and haemorrhages in themuscle tissues. When the histopathological sections of tissues were examined, it was determined that thebacterial infection affected especially the gill epithelium, the intestinal mucosa, the heart muscle andhemopoietic tissues of the spleen. According to phenotypic and biochemical characteristics as well as SSUrRNA sequencing results, the isolated bacteria was Vibrio harveyi and consistently seen all the examinedsamples of visceral organs including kidney, spleen, liver and blood. However, Vibrio vulnificus andPseudoalteromonas piscicida bacteria were also isolated from blood and spleen tissues of one sick fish amongothers.
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This study was carried out to determine the reason of mortalities inhumpback red snapper (Lutjanus gibbus) and golden trevally(Gnathanodon speciosus) kept in a marine aquarium in Turkey.Moribund fish showed diffuse haemorrhages on upper and lower jaws,superficial and ulcerative skin lesions, tail rot and pale gills.Internally, clear fluid in peritoneal cavity and pale liver wereobserved. The isolated bacteria were identified as Vibrio harveyiaccording to their morphological, physiological, biochemicalcharacteristics and API 20E results. These bacterial identificationswere also confirmed with 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Theisolates were determined to be sensitive to sulphamethoxazole/trimethoprim, florphenicol and flumequine and were resistant toerythromycin, kanamycin and ampicillin. Vibrio harveyi infected fishgenerally showed epithelial hyperplasia in the gill filaments,ulcerative skin lesions, degeneration or necrosis of the hepatic cells,kidney tubules and parenchyma cells of the spleen, multifocalmelanomacrophage centres in the kidney and reduced hemopoietictissue in the spleen.
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Bu çalışmada, Türkiye'de yetiştiriciliği yapılan hasta sinarit balıklarından (Dentex dentex) Vibrio harveyi izole edilmiştir. Hastalık Temmuz ayında (2013), juvenil sinarit balıkları kuluçkahaneden yüzer kafes sistemlerine transfer edildikten sonra ortaya çıkmıştır. Hasta balıklardan 20-25 g ağırlığındaki 5 birey yüzer kafeslerden seçilmiş ve karaciğer, dalak, böbrek ve göz dokusundan örnekler alınmıştır. Bakteriyolojik kültür sonucunda 8 adet izolat saf olarak elde edilerek biyokimyasal karakterizasyonun yanı sıra 16S rRNA geni dizi analizi ile tanımlanmıştır. Bu çalışma, Türkiye'de kültürü yapılan sinarit balıklarında Vibrio harveyi enfeksiyonunun rapor edildiği ilk çalışmadır.
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Vibrio anguillarum expresses several virulence factors and causes hemorrhagic septicemia accompanied by serious losses in marine fish. Transferrin is a glycoprotein, also known as a multitasking protein, which is mainly synthesized by the liver. It has a fundamental role in the immune system. In the present study, the transferrin gene expression of sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) was investigated during an experimental infection with V. anguillarum. Fish samples were examined by hematological and serological methods as well as real-time polymerase chain reaction. The infection was performed via water. The sampled fish displayed vibriosis infection symptoms, both internally and externally. The transferrin saturation in the diseased fish serum decreased dramatically and the transferrin gene expression increased during the first 2 days; however, it decreased in the subsequent days.
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