The aim of this study was to evaluate the musculoskeletal disorders and their related factors among health workers who face many ergonomic risks due to their working conditions. The research was a cross-sectional study and conducted between April and August 2017. The dependent variables of the research were Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire points. It was determined that left knee, waist, and left thigh pain were the most disruptive in the work of the workers with a percentage of 23.1%, 16.8%, and 11.5% respectively. According to multivariate linear regression model, the significant variables were ergonomic risk factors, working time, off-duty work, more than eight hours of work, and the significance persisted also on the degraded final model (p<0.05). A moderate correlation was detected only between the left forearm pain score and ergonomic exposure (Rho=0.445). Back and low back pain scores were the highest score. Making ergonomic arrangements, using assistive equipment for transporting patients, using electric patient beds with adjustable height, and providing training on ergonomics principles to employees is crucial for preventing these problems.
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Bu çalışmada Balıkesir il merkezinde iki aile sağlığı merkezi bölgesinde yaşayan 65 yaş ve üzeri bireylerde son bir yıl içinde düşme sıklığı ve ilişkili faktörlerin saptanması amaçlanmıştır. Kesitsel tipteki çalışma Mart-Nisan 2018 döneminde yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın evrenini 1710 kişi, örnek büyüklüğünü 300 kişi oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın bağımlı değişkeni son bir yılda düşme, bağımsız değişkenler, sosyo-demografik özellikler, sağlıkla ilgili özellikler, çevresel koşullardır. Analizlerde; Ki-kare testi, t testi ANOVA kullanılmıştır. İleri analizlerde lojistik regresyon modeli uygulanmıştır. Araştırmada düşme sıklıkları son 6 ayda %23,3; son bir yılda %40; tekrarlayan düşme %21,3’tür. En sık düşme nedeni denge bozulmasıdır (%31,7). Lojistik regresyon çözümlemesine göre kadın olmak 1,94 kat (1.11-3.55), görme sorununun olması 4.64 kat (1.65-13,07), uyku sorunun olması 2.37 kat (1.27-4.39), nörolojik yakınma olması 2.25 kat (1.16-4.39), depresif duygu durum içinde olma 2.22 kat (1.25-3.93) düşme riskini arttırmaktadır. Balıkesir’de yaşlıların düşme sıklığı yüksek olup her 10 yaşlıdan 4’ü bir yıl içerisinde düşmektedir ve düşenlerin yarısı tekrar düşmektedir. Yaşlılarda izlemlerin 1. basamak kapsamına alınması ve düşme açısından riskli yaşlıların aktif sürveyans sistemi ile izlenmesi; Balıkesir’de, yaşlılar risk grubu olarak kabul edilerek, izlemlerinin rutin hale getirilmesi yararlı olacaktır.
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Objective: Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) and arylesterase (ARE) enzymes have an important role in the prevention of oxidative stress which is related to the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). PON1 levels vary widely among individuals and ethnic groups, which is in part associated with polymorphisms.Materials and Methods: We investigated PON1 and ARE activity and phenotype distribution in COPD patients and healthy individuals. Sixty six COPD patients and 59 control subjects were involved in the study. Serum PON1 and ARE activities were detected by spectrophotometric method. The ratio of salt-induced PON1 to ARE activity was used to determine phenotypes as QQ, QR, and RR.Results: COPD patients exhibited higher PON1 activity (199.1 vs 129.2, p=0.002) but lower ARE activity compared to control (21.3 vs 33.5, p=0.021). There was a significant difference between COPD and control group with respect to PON1 phenotype characteristics. RR phenotypic distribution was more common in the COPD group than in control (60.6% [95% CI: 48.8 - 72.3] versus 22.0 % [95% CI: 12.0 - 31.9], p=0.001). We also found that smoking (95.0% CI: 0.001-0.036, p<0.001) and RR phenotype (95.0% CI: 0.006 - 0.59, p=0.016) are independent determinants in COPD.Conclusion: We found that RR phenotype was more common in COPD patients compared to control. Smoking and RR phenotype may be defined as independent factors associated with COPD.
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Objective:The increase in the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children is one of the major public health problems nowadays. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of overweight / obesity and related factors in preschool children. Matherials and Methods:The cross-sectional study was carried out in the city center of Balıkesir from October 2015 to January 2016. The study sample included 1061 children selected using the multistage sampling method. The study data were collected through face-to-face interviews with a structured questionnaire and anthropometric measurements. Numbers, percentages, chi-square test, bivariate and multivariate regression analysis were used in the analysis. Results:Of the participants, 4.9% were overweight and 11.2% were obese. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was higher in boys (AOR*=1.34 [95% CI**: 1.02-1.80]), those living in an apartment (AOR = 1.78 [95% CI: 1.54-4.82]), those having an extended family (AOR = 2.51 [95% CI: 1.03-6.12]), those with a family history of obesity (AOR = 3.02 [95% CI: 1.62-5.66]), those who skipped a meal (AOR = 1.56 [95% CI: 1.05,2.36]), = 1.68 [95% CI: 1.27-2.22]), those interested in other things while eating (AOR = 1.68 [95% CI: 1.27-2.22]) and those whose mothers were university graduates (AOR = 1.94 [95% CI: 1.04-3.64]) (p <0.05). Conclusions: The prevalence of overweight / obesity in preschool children is high. Sedentary lifestyle and poor diet increase the prevalence of obesity.
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