Merve ERGİN , Emin GEMCİOĞLU, Bircan KAYAASLAN, İhsan ATEŞ, Rahmet GÜNER, Fatma ESER, İmran HASANOĞLU, Ayşe KAYA KALEM, Adalet AYPAK, Zübeyr Said AĞAÇ, Şerif GÖKBULUT BEKTAŞ, İbrahim MUNGAN, Ahmet Gökhan AKDAĞ, Seval İZDEŞ, Salim NEŞELİOĞLU, Özcan EREL
Background: Vitamin D is recognized to be an immune regulator. Also, it is known to have antiviral effects by several mechanisms, including reducing inflammatory cytokines. Objectives: To examine the 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH) D) status for assessing the severity of COVID-19. Methods: This study consisted of 596 patients confirmed as SARS-CoV-2 infection and 59 healthy individuals. The cases separated into non-severe group, severe survival, and severe non-survival group. 25(OH)D and other labo ratory parameters were evaluated retrospectively. Results: In all COVID-19 groups 25(OH)D levels were low compared to controls (p<0.05). 25(OH)D concentrations were lowest in patients in severe non-survival groups than those in other SARS-CoV-2 infection groups (p<0.05). Multivariate regression analysis exhibited that decreasing 25(OH)D was associated with an increasedlikelihood of non severe, severe survival and severe non-survival disease. There were significant associations between 25(OH)D and certain inflammatory and hemostatic parameters (p<0.05, for all). Conclusions: 25(OH)D deficiency was observed among patients with COVID-19. Declined steadily 25(OH)D levels make a huge contribution to the scale of the progression of the disease. Correlations support that 25(OH)D may be a substantial tool for utilizing the severity of the disease and estimating the survival. Also, supplementation of 25(OH)D might slow down the course of the COVID-19.
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Objectives: A hypercoagulability status has been reported in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Beside their traditional roles, platelets are referred to as immune cells. The purpose of the study was to examine platelet activation and aggregation in COVID-19. Materials and Methods: This case-control study comprised 61 patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection and 18 healthy individuals. The patients were separated into groups with respect to the need for treatment in the intensive care unit (ICU). CD41, CD61, CD42a, and CD42b were determined as platelet activation markers, and platelet aggregation tests were analyzed in all groups. Results: Platelet CD41, CD61, CD42a, and CD42b expressions were significantly elevated in ICU patients compared to non-ICU patients and healthy donors. Patients in the ICU group had increased platelet aggregations than those in non-ICU patients and controls. Additionally, platelet activation and platelet function tests correlated with inflammatory and coagulation markers involving C‐reactive protein, Interleukin-6, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio, monocyte to lymphocyte ratio, D-dimer, and fibrinogen concentrations. Conclusion: Enhanced platelet activity and faster platelet aggregation were observed in ICU COVID-19 patients. It is possible that platelet hyperreactivity may contribute to the progression of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The relationships between platelet activation and functions tests with inflammatory and coagulation markers show that systemic inflammation and cytokines may trigger the hypercoagulability in COVID-19 patients in ICU, or hyperactivated platelets could augment the inflammation.
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Objectives: Oxidative stress refers to formation of more reactive oxygen species (ROS) than that are eliminated by cellular defense mechanisms (antioxidants). The aim of this study is to determine oxidative stress developed in CO poisoning, to measure oxidant and antioxidant parameters and to study the effects of the NBO and HBO treatments on these parameters. Materials and Methods: On admission to emergency department and at the end of 24th hour after the oxygen therapy, total oxidant status (TOS) was measured as an oxidative stress parameter, total antioxidant status (TAS), paraoxonase (PON), serum paraoxonase (SPON), arylesterase (ARES), and thiol (TTL) levels were measured as indicators of antioxidant capacity. Results: TAS, TTL and ARES levels were found to be significantly lower in the patient group when compared to control group. There were no differences in both inital and 24th hour levels of oxidative stress parameters between the patients who received hyperbaric therapy and normobaric therapy. Conclusion: Continuing decrease of TAS, PON, SPON, ARES, and TTL may be because the antioxidant capacity has not yet been replaced or reperfusion ischemia is caused by treatment. The results of our study support that oxidative balance turns against antioxidants in cases of CO poisoning.
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Objectives: The present study aims to analyze thiol-disulfide profile tests in scorpion envenomation.Methods: This study included 35 patients with scorpion envenomation and 41 healthy individuals. Thiol-disulfide test panel and myeloperoxidase and catalase activities were determined in both groups.Results: Patients with scorpion envenomation group had significantly higher native thiol concentrations and significantly lower disulfide amounts than the control group (p=0.001, for both). Also, total thiol levels were higher in patients than healthy individuals (p>0.05). Significantly decreased the disulfide/native thiol ratios and significantly increased disulfide/total thiol ratios and native/total thiol ratios were obtained in patients with scorpion sting than in the healthy subjects (p<0.001, for all ratios). Both catalase and myeloperoxidase activities increased in patients with scorpionism than controls (p<0.05, for both).There were powerful relationships among enhanced myeloperoxidase activities and thiol-disulfide system tests (p<0.05, for all).Conclusion: The equilibrium between thiol-disulfide couples was disrupted in scorpion envenomation. As thiol metabolism is a key component in inflammatory, immune and detoxification mechanisms, excessive thiols may be a response to these processes in scorpionism.
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Objectives: We aimed to determine thiol-disulphide homeostasis, which plays a vital role and to investigatethe relationship among homeostatic parameters and disease.Methods: In this prospective study, we enrolled 38 patients with osteoarthritis (31 females and 7 males) and38 healthy controls (30 females, 8 males volunteers). Diagnosis of osteoarthritis was made according to theAmerican College of Rheumatology Criteria. The severity of osteoarthritis was assessed and classifiedaccording to the Kellgren-Lawrence grading scale.Results: The mean age was 63.8 (range; 53-74) years in the osteoarthritis group and 65.6 (range; 55-75) yearsin the control group. There were no significant differences between the patients and controls in respect to age,gender and body mass index (p > 0.05). Serum albumin (p = 0.605) and total protein levels (p = 0.605) betweenpatients and controls were similar. In the osteoarthritis group disulphide/ native thiol percent ratios anddisulphide/ total thiol percent ratios were found to be statistically higher (p = 0.002 and p = 0.002; respectively)and native/ total thiol percent ratios were significantly lower than that of the control group (p = 0.002).Conclusions: Thiol-disulphide homeostasis is weakened in osteoarthritis, and the balance shifts to thedisulphide bond formation side. Substitution of thiol deficiency and correction of thioldisulphide imbalancemay be beneficial in the managing treatment of the disease. Further studies may be needed for evaluatingarticular fluid thiol-disulphide homeostasis.
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Amaç: Androgenetik alopesi (AGA) patogenezinde androjenlerin etkisi bilinmektedir. Çalışmalar ultrasensitif serum prostat spesifik antijen (PSA) analizinin hirsutizmli kadınlarda hiperandrojenizmin bir biyokimyasal belirteci olabileceğini göstermiştir. Bu nedenle AGA’lı kadınlarda serum PSA değerlerinin, androjenlerin hedef organlardaki etkisinin bir belirteci olarak kullanılabileceği düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı AGA’lı kadın hastalarda serum PSA düzeylerini araştırmaktır.Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırma kapsamında toplam 100 AGA’lı kadın hasta ve 67 sağlıklı kadın gönüllü incelendi. Hastaların AGA tanısı öykü, dermatolojik muayene ve saç çekme testi ile konuldu. Hastalık şiddeti Ludwig evrelemesine göre sınıflandırıldı. Toplam ve serbest PSA “Roche Cobas e 601 immünoassay analizörde elektrokemilüminesans immünoassay” yöntemiyle çalışıldı.Bulgular: Çalışmaya alınan hastaların 29’unda (%29) Ludwig 1, 64’ünde (%64) Ludwig 2, 7’sinde (%7) Ludwig 3 düzeyinde AGA tespit edildi. Toplam testosteron hasta grubunda kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı olarak yüksek bulundu (p=0,03). Serbest PSA, toplam PSA, prolaktin, ferritin, kortizol, folikül uyarıcı hormonu, lüteinleştirici hormon, östradiol düzeyleri hem hasta hem de kontrol gruplarında normal sınırlar içindeydi ve her iki grup arasında anlamlı bir fark bulunmadı.Sonuç: Çalışmamızda AGA’lı kadın hastalar ve sağlıklı kontrol grubu arasında serbest PSA (p=0,084) ve toplam PSA (p=0,285) serum düzeyleri açısından anlamlı farklılık bulunmadı. Bu konuda geniş hasta gruplarında yapılacak çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.
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